ื”ืขื“ืคืชื›ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ื–ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืžื™ืชื•ืช, ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœ
ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื›ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื‘
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מדד גליקמי: איך להיעזר בו כדי לשמור על תזונה בריאה?

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ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช

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iHerb ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืงืคื“ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข. ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืื‘ืช ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขืžื™ืชื™ื, ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ื, ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืขืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืืชืจื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื. ืกืžืœ ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื, ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื˜ืข ื”ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืขืžื•ื“.

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ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžืขืชื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื ื— "ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™" (GI), ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ, ืื• ืื™ืš ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžื–ื™ื ื” ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื›ื. ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื™ืš ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœืื–ืŸ ืกื•ื›ืจืช ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช.

ืžื”ื• ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™?

ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืขืœื” ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ืœืื—ืจ ืื›ื™ืœืชื•. ื›ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช, ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืคืจืง ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืกื•ื›ืจ ื”ื ืงืจื ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–. ื”ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื– ื—ื•ื“ืจ ืœืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื“ื. ื”ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื– ื‘ื“ื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื.

ืกื•ืœื ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ (GI) ืžื“ืจื’ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืž-0 ืขื“ 100 ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ืœืื—ืจ ืื›ื™ืœืชื. ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกื•ืœื ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™, ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื ืžื•ืš.

ืกื•ืœื ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžืกื•ื•ื’ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ื: 

  • 55-0: ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš 
  • 69-56: ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™
  • 100-70: ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”

ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื•ื’ื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™: ืœื—ื ืœื‘ืŸ. ื‘ืกื™ืก ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืœืื—ื“ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืกื™ื“ื ื™ ื‘ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข (ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื• ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ) ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืœืฆื“ ืžืกืคืจ ื”-GI ืฉืœื”ื.

ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืกื•ื›ืจืช ื•ืื™ื–ื•ื ื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื›ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช.

"ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™" (American Heart Association) ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•ื›ืจ ืžื•ึผืกืฃ (ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ GI ื’ื‘ื•ื”) ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื“ื ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื˜ื‘ื•ืœื™ื•ืช. ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื™ื ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ื™ื (ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ GI ื ืžื•ืš) ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืขื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื, ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—, ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“. ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื”ื ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชืงื™ื ื”.

ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”

ืžืœื‘ื“ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืกื“ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ GI, ืื™ืš ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืื™ืœื• ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืื• ื ืžื•ืš? ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืื ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื•ื–ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืืช ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš. ื’ื ืœืœื ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืื• ื ืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื•ื‘ืชื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื™ื.

ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื”"ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช" ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืขื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื™ื, ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื”ืžืชืคืจืงื•ืช ื‘ืงืœื•ืช. ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ืชื. ื”ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืืช ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืื™ื:  

  • ืœื—ื ืœื‘ืŸ
  • ืื•ืจื– ืœื‘ืŸ 
  • ืจื•ื‘ ื“ื’ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ
  • ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื” 
  • ืฆ'ื™ืคืก 
  • ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืืคื” ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื
  • ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืกื•ื›ืจ ืžื•ึผืกืฃ 

ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืคืจื–ืช ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืกื•ื›ืจืช, ืœื”ืฉืžื ืช ื™ืชืจ, ืœืขืงืจื•ืช, ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื•ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื“ื. 

ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื ื”, ืื ื ืก, ื“ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืžื•ืงื™ื. ื’ื ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ ืœื—ื ืœื‘ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื—ื™ื˜ื” ืžืœืื” ื•ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ื“ื’ื ื™ื, ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™. 

ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ (ืœืœื ืกื•ื›ืจ ืžื•ึผืกืฃ) ื•ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช "ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช" ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืกื˜ื”. ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื”ื ืื•ืจื– ื—ื•ื ื•ืขืœื™ื ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื. ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื’ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื“ ื–ื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช.

ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™. ื“ื’ื ื™ื ืžื–ื•ืงืงื™ื ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœื•. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืคืจื™ ืื• ื”ื™ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชื›ื•ืœืช ืกื™ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื•ืžืŸ ืื• ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื• ืžืื˜ื™ื ืืช ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.

ืžื”ื™ ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™?

ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื ืžื•ืš. ื“ืคื•ืก ืื›ื™ืœื” ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ื‘ื“, ืžืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”, ืœื—ื, ืงืจืงืจื™ื, ืฆ'ื™ืคืก ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืกื•ื›ืจ ืžื•ึผืกืฃ. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืจื•ืš ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™.

ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžืกืคืงืช ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืกื•ื›ืจืช ืžืกื•ื’ 2 ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘, ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉื•ื‘ืข ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช, ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืื• ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœื™ื•. ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืฉื ืช 2019 ืžืขืœื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ืจืช ื•ื ื™ื”ืœื• ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš, ื—ื•ื• ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื“ื“ ืžืกืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ (BMI), ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื•ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื•ืœ ื”"ืจืข" LDL ื•ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื”ืžื•ื’ืœื•ื‘ื™ืŸ A1c (ืžื“ื“ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ). 

ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื’ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ืจืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืงืœื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืœืœืงื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื“ื ื•ื™ืชืจ ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื. ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื– ื•ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื”. ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—.

ืื™ืš ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช?

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืขื ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื• ืขื ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื•ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ. ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื•ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืืจื•ื—ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ ื”ื‘ืื” ื ืกื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืขืžื™ืœืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืงื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸlike ืฉืขื•ืขื™ืช ืื• ืขื“ืฉื™ื

ื’ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจื•ื—ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืจื•ื—ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืขืžื™ืœืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืืช ื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช. ืื›ื™ืœืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื•ื•ืกืช ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชืคืจื™ื˜ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื•ืœื ืžืขื•ื‘ื“, ื”ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื• ื ื•ื–ืœื™ื•ืช. 

ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ืช (GR) ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืฆืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ. ื–ืžื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืงืฆืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืคืกื˜ื” ืืœ ื“ื ื˜ื”, ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–. 

ื”ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืžื™ืœื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืš ืื—ืกื•ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืขืžื™ืœืŸ ืžืชืงืจืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ, ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ืงืจื ืจื˜ืจื•ื’ืจื“ืฆื™ื”. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื’ืจื’ืจื™ ื”ืขืžื™ืœืŸ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ ื•ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืฆื•ืจื” ื’ื‘ื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื ืงืจืืช ืขืžื™ืœืŸ ืขืžื™ื“ ืžืกื•ื’ 3 (RS3). ืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืขืžื™ืœืŸ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.

ืงืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข  ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื‘ืžื–ื•ื•ื” ื•ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืจืš ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ! ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืงืžื— ืœื‘ืŸ ืœื”ื›ื ืช ืžืืคื™ื, ื ืกื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืงืžื— ืงื•ืงื•ืก. ืงืžื— ืงื•ืงื•ืก ืœื ืจืง ื ื˜ื•ืœ ื’ืœื•ื˜ืŸ, ืืœื ื’ื ืขืฉื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ื™ื ืžืงืžื— ืจื’ื™ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืชื›ื•ืœืช ืกื™ื‘ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœื• ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื’ื•ื–ื™ ืงื•ืงื•ืก, ืงืžื— ืงืกืื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืœื•ืคื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืœื˜ ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื‘ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ืฉืžืŸ, ื ืกื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื—ื•ืžืฅ ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™.

ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™

ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ (GL) ืžืฉื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื•ืžืขืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœื‘. ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืกื•ืœื ืž-0 ืขื“ 100 ื”ืžื“ืจื’ ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืขืœื” ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื. ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ืกืš ื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœื•, ื•ืžื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื‘-100. 

ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžืกื•ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ื: 

  • ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš: ืขื“ 10 
  • ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™: ื‘ื™ืŸ 11 ืœ-19
  • ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”: 20 ื•ืžืขืœื”

ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื•ืœื ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืกื™ื“ื ื™, ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืชืคื•ื— ื”ื•ื 39 ืขื ืกืš ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ 25 ื’ืจื. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™, ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืชืคื•ื— ื”ื•ื 9.75, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื ืžื•ืš. 

ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš โ€“ ืืš ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื™ืฉ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” โ€“ 72, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื• ืžื•ืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ืฉืœ ืชื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืฉื‘ื•, ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ื•ื ืจืง 4.4. ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ืขื•ืžืก ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ืžืกืคืง ืชืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช.

ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื

ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื– ื‘ื“ื, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื. ืœืฆื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื’ื ืžืชื— ื ืคืฉื™, ืžื—ืœื•ืช, ื”ืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช, ื—ื•ืกืจ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื.

ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ ื’ืœื™ืงืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš, ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืœืื™ื ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื, ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช, ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ื•ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืกื•ื›ืจืช ืžืกื•ื’ 2, ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ืœื—ืฅ ื“ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”. ืฉื™ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื’ื ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื– ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช. 

ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช:

  1. Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Accessed 8/7/24 
  2. Wolever T. M. (1990). The glycemic index. World review of nutrition and dietetics, 62, 120โ€“185.
  3. Carbohydrates. American Heart Association. Accessed 8/7/24 
  4. Clemente-Suรกrez, V. J., Mielgo-Ayuso, J., Martรญn-Rodrรญguez, A., Ramos-Campo, D. J., Redondo-Flรณrez, L., & Tornero-Aguilera, J. F. (2022). The Burden of Carbohydrates in Health and Disease. Nutrients, 14(18), 3809. 
  5. Ferraris, C., Elli, M., & Tagliabue, A. (2020). Gut Microbiota for Health: How Can Diet Maintain A Healthy Gut Microbiota?. Nutrients, 12(11), 3596. 
  6. Low-glycemic index diet: What's behind the claims? Mayo Clinic. Accessed 8/7/24 
  7. Atkinson, F. S., Brand-Miller, J. C., Foster-Powell, K., Buyken, A. E., & Goletzke, J. (2021). International tables of glycemic index and glycemic load values 2021: a systematic review. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 114(5), 1625โ€“1632. 
  8. Zafar, M. I., Mills, K. E., Zheng, J., Regmi, A., Hu, S. Q., Gou, L., & Chen, L. L. (2019). Low-glycemic index diets as an intervention for diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 110(4), 891โ€“902. 
  9. Rizkalla, S. W., Bellisle, F., & Slama, G. (2002). Health benefits of low glycaemic index foods, such as pulses, in diabetic patients and healthy individuals. The British journal of nutrition, 88 Suppl 3, S255โ€“S262. 
  10. Murillo, S., Mallol, A., Adot, A., Juรกrez, F., Coll, A., Gastaldo, I., & Roura, E. (2022). Culinary strategies to manage glycemic response in people with type 2 diabetes: A narrative review. Frontiers in nutrition, 9, 1025993. 
  11. The lowdown on glycemic index and glycemic load. Harvard Health Publishing. Accessed 8/7/24 
  12. Jennifer M. Fernandez, Lydia Johnson, Joi Lenczowski, 27 - Lifestyle Modifications, Editor(s): Vivian Y. Shi, Jennifer L. Hsiao, Michelle A. Lowes, Iltefat H. Hamzavi, A Comprehensive Guide to Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Elsevier, 2022, Pages 264-272, ISBN 9780323777247, 
  13. Apple. The University of Sydney. Accessed 8/7/24 
  14. Apples. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Accessed 8/7/24 

โ€‹ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ:โ€‹ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ,,, โ€‹ื”ืฆื’ ืขื•ื“