ื”ืขื“ืคืชื›ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ื–ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืžื™ืชื•ืช, ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœ
ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื›ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื‘
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ืžื”ื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช?

ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื•ืคื•ืžื™ ื•ืœื”ื–ืจืงื”. ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื—ื•ืžืฆื” D-ื’ืœื•ึผืงื•ึผืจื•ึนื ื™ืช ื•-N-ืืฆื˜ื™ืœ-D-ื’ืœื•ึผืงื•ึนื–ืืžื™ืŸ. ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžื‘ื ื™. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคื•ื— ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืœื—ื—ืช ื•ืžืกื›ื›ืช ื’ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื’ื ืืช ืจืงืžืช ื”ืžืคืจืงื™ื.

ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืขื•ืจ ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช?

ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื•ืžืชืคืจืงืช ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื“ื™ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืงืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจ ืžืชื—ืœืคื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื. ื‘ืกื—ื•ืก ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื“ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืชืคืจืงืช.

ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื, ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืจ. ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืœื—ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืชื•ืจื ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื ื•. ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืงืžื˜ื™ื, ืœืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื˜ื•ื ื•ืก ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืœืจืคื™ื•ืŸ.

ืœื›ืŸ, ืจืžืช ื”ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืคืชื™ืขื”, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื’ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžืฉ: ื ื–ืงื™ ืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืฉ

ืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ืจื ืขืช. ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช, ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืขื“ 80% ืžื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ. ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ืืฆืœ ืขื›ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืœ 5 ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืžืฉืจื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื–ืงื™ื. ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ืœืงื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉื ื—ืฉืฃ, ืขื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช.

ืืžื ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืจืžื•ืช ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ D, ืื‘ืœ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืจืง ืืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื”ืจืืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื ื–ืงื™ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืœืขื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ื. ื’ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืกื ื ื™ ืงืจื™ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžืฉ.

ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœืขื•ืจ ื›ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžื™ืœื•ื™

ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™. ืื ืฉื™ื ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืขื ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื‘ื•ื˜ื•ืงืก ื•ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ืจืงื” ืœืขื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžื™ืœื•ื™, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืจืงืžืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ืœื—ืœืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืืžื ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื•ืืช ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ื•ื—ื•.

ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืœืขื•ืจ ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™, ื•ื—ืœืงืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ื“ืง ืงืจืขื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืขื™ื•ื•ืช, ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขืคืขืคื™ื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžื“ืื™ื’ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื–ืจืงืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžื™ืœื•ื™, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช.

ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื ืคื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ืฆืคืชื” ืืฆืœ ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื. ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ 4 ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฉื™ื ืื• ืงืฉืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื•ืื™ืœื• 1 ืžื›ืœ 6 ืื ืฉื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืงืกื ืชืœื–ืžื”, ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื”ื ืจืื•ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืจ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื‘-1 ืžื›ืœ 13 ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื–ืจืง ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื“ื“ ืžืžืงื•ื ื”ื”ื–ืจืงื”, ื•ืืฆืœ 1 ืžื›ืœ 30 ื”ืชืคืชื— ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ืจ.

ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืœืขื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืืกืคืงืช ื”ื“ื ืœืื–ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ืœื ืžืง, ืื• ืžื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืงืžืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉื ืคื’ืขื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืฆืงืช ืžื•ื—ื™ืช. ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืขื ื™ืงื•ืช ืชื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจืช ื”ื–ืจืงืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช.

ื”ืื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช?

ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ืคืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืื˜ ืื• ืœื”ืกื™ื’ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช, ืžืกืชืžื ื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื’ื ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ A ืื• ืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืื™ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืœืคื-ื”ื™ื“ืจื•ืงืกื™ื•ืชื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™

ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื•ืคื•ืžื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืืฉืจ ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ื–ืจืงื”, ืขื ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™. ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืขื•ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืจืื” ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช.

ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื” ื”ืŸ ืœื ืจืง ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช. ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื’ื ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืื™ื, ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ื“ืœืงืช ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืจืงืžืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื”. ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช.

ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืชื•ืขืœืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืœืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืคืฆืขื™ื ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจ. ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ืขื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืคืฆืขื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืืช ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช. ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืขืงื‘ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื“ื ืœืงื•ื™ื” ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืงืฉื™ื ืœืจื™ืคื•ื™. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื“ ื’ื–ื” ืขื ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืื™-ืกืคื™ืงื” ื•ืจื™ื“ื™ืช. ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืฆืœ 40% ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœ-18.5% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื—ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•. ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื’ื ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืฆืขื™ื ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื.

ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ืขื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืจืื• ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ืžืจื™ื—ื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืœื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ื•ื”ื ืจืื•ึผืช ืฉืœ ืงืžื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืชืงืฉื” ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืกืคื™ื’ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ืขื™ืœ. ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื’ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื–ืขื™ืจื™ื ืื• ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ ื ื ื•. ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื ืฉื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื, ืžื—ื˜ื™ื ื–ืขื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื™ืคื•ื–ื•ืžืœื™ื™ื ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ื’ื”.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืคื•ืžื™

ืืžื ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืคื•ืžื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืชื•ืขืœืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ืœื‘ื• ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ Cื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืŸื ื—ื•ืฉืช ื•ื’ื ืื‘ืฅ. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืชื•ืกืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื—ื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืจ, ืœืฆื“ ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื—ืกืคื•ืก ื•ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืงืžื˜ื™ื. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 40 ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชื•ืกืฃ.

ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช

ืืžื ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืžื–ืจื™ืงื™ื ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ ื“ืœืงืช ืžืคืจืงื™ื ื ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื. ื”ื–ืจืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžืคืจืง ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืš ื”ืžืคืจืง, ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืื‘ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืœืงืช. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ื›ื™ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉืงืœ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขื ืžืฉืงืœ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืคื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื’ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ื›ืื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื•ืกืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช. ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืจืื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื›ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™.

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืคืจืงื™ื ื•ืœืขื•ืจ, ืื—ื“ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื–ืืช, ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื’ื™ืœื• ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืืžื ื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื—ื•ืžืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ืš ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืขื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื’ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ื“ (ืงื˜ืจืงื˜).

ืžืกืจ ืœืงื—ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”

ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจืงืžืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœืขื•ืจ, ืœืžืคืจืงื™ื ื•ืœืจืงืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืš ื•ื’ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคืขืชื”. ืืžื ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื–ืจื™ืงื™ื ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืชื•ืขืœืช ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื•ืคื•ืžื™ ื‘ื”. ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื” ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื›ืื‘ื™ ืžืคืจืงื™ื ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืฉืœื”ื. ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืื• ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื”ืจืื• ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื”ื™ืืœื•ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืœืžื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ.

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โ€‹ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ:โ€‹ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ,,, โ€‹ื”ืฆื’ ืขื•ื“