ื”ืขื“ืคืชื›ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ื–ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืžื™ืชื•ืช, ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœ
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ืžื”ื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช?

ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช (ALA) ื”ื™ื ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ื“ืžื•ื™ืช ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช " "ื ื•ื’ื“ ื”ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข". ืืžื ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ALA ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืจืžืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœื” ืœื ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื, ื•ืื– ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.

ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืงื•-ืคืงื˜ื•ืจ ืื• ืงื•-ืื ื–ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื ื–ื™ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืื ื–ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœืœื ALA. ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืื ื–ื™ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืจืขืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืคืชื™ืข ื›ื™ ืจืžื•ืช ALA ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชืื™ื ื ืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืชืื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘-ATP ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื” ALA.

ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืช ALA ื”ื™ื ื–ืขื™ืจื”, ื”ื™ื ื ืกืคื’ืช ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืฆื” ืงืจื•ืžื™ ืชืื™ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช. ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ E, ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ ืžืกื™ืก ืฉื•ืžืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ C, ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ ืžืกื™ืก ืžื™ื, ALA ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื“ื›ื ืจื“ื™ืงืœื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื, ื’ื ืžืกื™ืกื™ ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ืžืกื™ืกื™ ืฉื•ืžืŸ, ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืื™ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช ืžืืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ืื•ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื›ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ื ื™ื C ื•-E, ืœืฆื“ ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.2

ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช

  • ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื“ื ื•ื–ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™-ืคื•ืกืคื˜ (ATP)
  • ALA ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื›ื ื•ื’ื“ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืื™ื
  • ALA ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืกืžื ื™ ื“ืœืงืช1

ื”ืื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช?

ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช (ALA) ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช, ืฆื•ืจืช ื”-R ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉื R-ALA, ื•ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืžื›ื™ืœื” ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”-R ื•ื”-S, ืื•ืชื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ื ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืฉื "ALA". ื”ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ "R" ื•-"S" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื”. ืฉืชื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืจืื™. ืฆื•ืจืช ื”-R ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ALA, ื‘ื”  ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ. ืฆื•ืจืช ื”-S ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื” ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ืช, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืืฃ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืื ื–ื™ืžื˜ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื. ืชื•ืกืคื™ ALA ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ืื• ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”-R ื•ื”-S ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 50/50%, ืื•ืชื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืกืžืŸ ื‘ืฉื R,S-ALA, ืื• ืืช ืฆื•ืจืช ื”-R-ALA ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”.3

ืื ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืชื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ืจืง "ALA", ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” R,S-ALA.

ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชื•ืกืคื™ ALA ืขืœ ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืจื™ืงื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ื’ื”.4

ืžื”ื ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช?

ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื•ื’ื“ืช ื”ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ืจื‘ืช-ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœื”, ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช  ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื ื’ื“ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ, ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ื”ืจืขืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“, ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื, ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื, ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช.4  

ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื ื•ื’ื“ืช ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื•ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืจืขืœื™ื

ALA ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ื’ื“ื™ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื’ื ื™ื. ื‘ืคืจื˜, ALA ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื Nrf2, ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื• ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืจืฉืช ื•ื™ืกื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื, ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ื›ื•ื ื“ืจื™ื” ื•ืจืžืช ื”ื“ืœืงืช.5

Nrf2 ื–ื›ื” ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื™ "ืžื’ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื", ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชืื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ื ื–ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช.6 ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ Nrf2 ื”ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ืจื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืคืขืœ ืจื‘-ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฉืœ ืื ื–ื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื NQO1. ืื ื–ื™ื ื–ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชืื™ื. ืจืžื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืฉืœ NQO1 ื ืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืจืขืœื™ื, ืœืจืžื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืชืื™ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, NQO1 ืžืžื™ืจ CoQ10 ืžืฆื•ืจืชื• ื”ืœื ืคืขื™ืœื” (ื™ื•ึผื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืืŸ) ืœืฆื•ืจืชื• ื”ืคืขื™ืœื” (ื™ื•ึผื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื•ึนืœ), ืœืฆื“ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. 

ALA ื’ื ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืžืฆื ื™ื, ืžื•ื ืขืช ื“ืœืงืช ืชืœื•ื™ืช ื’ื™ืœ, ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ื›ื•ื ื“ืจื™ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืžืขืœื” ืจืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื˜ืชื™ื•ืŸ. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื-ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ื’ื ื”ืจืื• ื›ื™ ALA ืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.7  

ALA ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืžื ื–ืงื™ ื”ืจื“ื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืงื“ื ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืจืขืœื™ื. ALA ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจื” ืืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื’ืœื•ื˜ืชื™ื•ืŸ, ื ื•ื’ื“ ื”ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื•ืžื ืงื” ื”ืจืขืœื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ. AKA ื’ื ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ื‘ืกื™ืœื•ืง ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ื“ื (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืคืจืช, ื›ืกืคื™ืช, ืงื“ืžื™ื•ื ื•ืขื•ื“). ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“.4 

ืจืžืช ALA, ื’ืœื•ื˜ืชื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื•ืคืจื™ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื•ื’ื“ืช ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ. ื‘ืฆื•ืจืชืŸ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื” ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืช ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื•ืœืกืœืง ืจืขืœื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ืคืขื™ืœื”.  ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคืจื™ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื•ื’ื“ืช ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืจืžืช ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคืจื™ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื ื’ื“ ื—ืžืฆื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. 

ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื—

ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ALA ื’ื ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ื ื“ื-ืžื•ื—. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื—ืกื•ื ื”ืžื’ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืชืื™ ื“ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืžื•ื—. ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ื ื“ื-ืžื•ื— ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื“ืœืงืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ื—. ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœ-ALA ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืขื›ื‘ ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื“ืœืงืช ื‘ืžื•ื—.9

ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ืจืื• ื›ื™ ALA ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืจืงืžืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ื—. ื—ืœืง ืžืื•ืชื ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ ื˜ืจืฉืช ื ืคื•ืฆื”, ืžื—ืœื” ืฉื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžืขื˜ื” ื”ืžื™ืืœื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ืกื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืฆื‘.9 ืžืขื˜ื” ื”ืžื™ืืœื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ื˜ืจืฉืช ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ALA ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ื˜ืจืฉืช ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื“ 1,200 ืž"ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื (R,S-ALA). ื”ื•ื“ื’ื ื›ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืกืฃ ALA ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืจื™ืงืก ืžื˜ืืœื•-ืคืจื•ื˜ืื™ื ืื– 9 (MMP-9) ื•ืฆื™ื˜ื•ืงื™ื ื™ื. ืฉื ื™ ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืœืงืช ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืขืฆื‘ื™ื.10,11 

ื™ืฉ ืœ-ALA ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืขื ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืคืชื™ื” ืกื•ื›ืจืชื™ืช. ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื•ืกืคื™ ALA ื‘ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืืœื•.4,12,13 ื›ืš, ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ืคื•ืœ-ืกืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช 460 ื—ื•ืœื™ ืกื•ื›ืจืช ืขื ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืคืชื™ื” ืงืœื” ืขื“ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื ืžืฉืš 4 ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• 600 ืž"ื’ ALA ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ื ืžื ืขื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืคืชื™ื”.12 ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ืฆืคื• ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืžื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื•ืกืฃ R,S-ALA ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ 400 ืขื“ 600 ืž"ื’. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš).

ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื

ALA ื’ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ. ืœืขืงื” ื—ืžืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื ื’ื•ื“ืช ืœืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืกื•ื›ืจ ืœื ืžืื•ื–ื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื, ื•-ALA ืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื–ื”. ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉ-ALA ื’ื ืžืงืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืช ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื– ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ื›ื™ ALA ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ืชื ื’ื•ื“ืช ืœืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื, ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ืขืงื” ื—ืžืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ื“ื. ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื ื•ื‘ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ื ืฆืคื• ืชื•ืš ืฉื‘ื•ืข-ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืฃ ALA.14,15 

ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื•ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ

ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื-ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉ-ALA ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืืฆืช ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื, ืœืงื“ื ืฉืจื™ืคืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ. ื ืขืจื›ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื” ืฉืœ ALA ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ืคื•ืœ-ืกืžื™ื•ืช ืื—ื“ 97 ื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืžืฉืงืœ ืื• ื”ืฉืžื ืช ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ืฉืžื• ืขืœ ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืขื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืงืœื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘-30% ืžื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืงืœื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช. ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืช ืฉื™ืžืฉื” ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฉืืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื• ALA ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ 300 ืž"ื’; ืื• ืฉืžืŸ ื“ื’ื™ื ืขื 1.3 ื’ืจ' ืฉืœ EPA; ืื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ 300 ืž"ื’ ALA ื•-1.3 ื’ืจ' EPA.16 

ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืกืชื›ืžื” ื‘-11.44 ืคืื•ื ื“ (ื›-5.05 ืง"ื’); ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช EPA ื”ืฉื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข 11.88 ืคืื•ื ื“ (ื›-5.4 ืง"ื’), ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ALA ื”ืฉื™ืœื• 15.4 ืคืื•ื ื“ (ื›-7 ืง"ื’) ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ALA+EPA ื”ืฉื™ืœื• 14.3 ืคืื•ื ื“ (ื›-6.5 ืง"ื’) ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื•ืกืฃ ALA ืœื‘ื“ื• ืื• ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื EPA ื—ื™ื–ืงื” ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื“ื™ืื˜ื”. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ALA ืชืจืžื” ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœ ื›-3 ืคืื•ื ื“ (ื›-1.4 ืง"ื’). ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื•ื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–. 

ื™ืฉ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ื•ืฉืžื• ืขืœ ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ื“ืœืช ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ALA ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืงื“ื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืชื ื• ALA ืœื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืจืฆื• ืœืจื“ืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ALA ื”ื™ื” 1,200 ืž"ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื, ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžื•ืชื ื™ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื˜ื-ืื ืœื™ื–ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืฉืœ 8 ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืกื›ื ื” ื›ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื•ืกืฃ ALA ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื“ื“ ืžืกืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžื•ืชื ื™ื™ื.17

ื”ืื ALA ืขื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื•ืฉื”ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ื—ื•ืฆื”?

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืœืคื-ืœื™ืคื•ืื™ืช (ALA) ื‘ืชื•ืกืคื™ื ืขื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื’ื ืขื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื•ืฉื”ื”. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืคื™ื ืขื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื•ืฉื”ื”. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืขื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืฆืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ALA ื ืกืคื’ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ื’ื” ื ืฉืืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื”ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื 50 ืื• 600 ืž"ื’. ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ALA ื”ื™ื 93%, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื–ื” ืื—ื•ื– ื”-ALA ืฉื ืกืคื’, ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื ื•ืŸ.4,18 

ืืžื ื ALA ื‘ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื•ืฉื”ื” ื ืกืคื’ืช ืœืื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื˜ื•ื‘. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ืคืงืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืคื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ALA ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืœืื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”-ALA, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœ-ALA ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื–ืจื ื”ื“ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ืจืžืช ALA ื‘ื“ื ื•ืœื”ื•ื‘ืœืชื• ืœืจืงืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคื™ื ืขื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™. ื ืจืื” ื’ื ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ALA ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื, ื•ืœื ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ ืœืžืกืคืจ ืžื ื•ืช.4,18 

ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™, ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืขื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช

ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ALA ื ืกื‘ืœืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ืœื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™. ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืŸ ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ืงืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื” ืื• ื‘ื—ื™ืœื”. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘-R-ALA ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื•.3 

ALA ื’ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืžืื•ื“, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื“ 2,400 ืž"ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ (ื›ืžื• ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื‘ื” ืขืฆื‘ื ื™ืช), ื›ืื‘ื™ ืจืืฉ ื•ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ ืขื•ืจ ืงืœื™ื (ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื’ืจื“, ืกืจืคื“ืช ืื• ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ื ืืœืจื’ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืจ).19 

ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืคื™ ALA ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ืื• ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืคื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืกื•ื›ืจืช, ื›ืžื• ืžื˜ืคื•ืจืžื™ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ื ืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืืช ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื.

ืกื™ืžื•ื›ื™ืŸ:

  1. Vajdi M, Mahmoudi-Nezhad M, Farhangi MA. An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials on the effects of Alpha-Lipoic acid supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2021;1-14.
  2. Rochette L, Ghibu S, Richard C, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. Direct and indirect antioxidant properties of ฮฑ-lipoic acid and therapeutic potential. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013;57(1):114-125.
  3. Cameron M, Taylor C, Lapidus J, Ramsey K, Koop D, Spain R. Gastrointestinal Tolerability and Absorption of R- Versus R,S-Lipoic Acid in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Crossover Trial. J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;60(8):1099-1106.
  4. Salehi B, Berkay Yฤฑlmaz Y, Antika G, et al. Insights on the Use of ฮฑ-Lipoic Acid for Therapeutic Purposes. Biomolecules. 2019;9(8):356.
  5. Elangovan S, Hsieh TC. Control of cellular redox status and upregulation of quinone reductase NQO1 via Nrf2 activation by alpha-lipoic acid in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Int J Oncol. 2008;33(4):833-838.
  6. Lewis KN, Mele J, Hayes JD, Buffenstein R. Nrf2, a guardian of healthspan and gatekeeper of species longevity. Integr Comp Biol. 2010;50(5):829-843. 
  7. Seifer F, Khalili M, Khaledyan H, et al. ฮฑ-Lipoic acid, functional fatty acid, as a novel therapeutic alternative for central nervous system diseases: A review. Nutr Neurosci. 2019;22(5):306-316.
  8. Vural G, GรผmรผลŸyayla ลž, Deniz O, NeลŸelioฤŸlu S, Erel ร–. Relationship between thiol-disulphide homeostasis and visual evoked potentials in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci. 2019 Feb;40(2):385-391. 
  9. Schreibelt G, Musters RJ, Reijerkerk A, et al. Lipoic acid affects cellular migration into the central nervous system and stabilizes blood-brain barrier integrity. J Immunol. 2006;177(4):2630-2637.
  10. Xie H, Yang X, Cao Y, Long X, Shang H, Jia Z. Role of lipoic acid in multiple sclerosis. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2022;28(3):319-331.
  11. Waslo C, Bourdette D, Gray N, Wright K, Spain R. Lipoic Acid and Other Antioxidants as Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2019;21(6):26.
  12. Ziegler D, Low PA, Freeman R, Tritschler H, Vinik AI. Predictors of improvement and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy following treatment with ฮฑ-lipoic acid for 4 years in the NATHAN 1 trial. J Diabetes Complications. 2016;30(2):350-356.
  13. El-Nahas MR, Elkannishy G, Abdelhafez H, Elkhamisy ET, El-Sehrawy AA. Oral Alpha Lipoic Acid Treatment for Symptomatic Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2020;20(9):1531-1534.
  14. Ebada MA, Fayed N, Fayed L, et al. Efficacy of Alpha-lipoic Acid in The Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Iran J Pharm Res. 2019;18(4):2144-2156.
  15. Najafi N, Mehri S, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on metabolic syndrome: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res. 2022;10.1002/ptr.7406.
  16. Huerta AE, Navas-Carretero S, Prieto-Hontoria PL, Martรญnez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Effects of ฮฑ-lipoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in overweight and obese women during weight loss. Obesity 2015 Feb;23(2):313-21. 
  17. Vajdi M, Abbasalizad Farhangi M. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation significantly reduces the risk of obesity in an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled clinical trials. Int J Clin Pract. 2020;74(6):e13493.
  18. Teichert J, Kern J, Tritschler HJ, Ulrich H, Preiss R. Investigations on the pharmacokinetics of alpha-lipoic acid in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998;36(12):625-8
  19. Fogacci F, Rizzo M, Kroger C, et al. Safety Evaluation of ฮฑ-Lipoic Acid Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020;9(10):1011.

โ€‹ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ:โ€‹ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ,,, โ€‹ื”ืฆื’ ืขื•ื“