ื”ืขื“ืคืชื›ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ื–ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืžื™ืชื•ืช, ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœ
ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื›ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื‘
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ืืฆืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืืชื ื•, ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื•ืืจ ืžืชืงื“ื ื•ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืงืฉื™ื™ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืžื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืฉื›ื—ืชื ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืืชื ืœื ืœื‘ื“. ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื— ืžืขืกื™ืงื” ืจื‘ื™ื. 

ื”ืžื•ื— ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช โ€” ื”ื•ื ืžื ื”ืœ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื–ื”ื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ, ืœื ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืชื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืคื›ื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื. 

ื”ืžื•ื ื— "ื ื•ึนืื•ืื˜ืจื•ึนืคึผื™" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื ื˜ืœื™. ืืœืคื-GPC ื•ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ึนืื•ืื˜ืจื•ึนืคึผื™ื•ืช. ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืกืคื•ืœื™ืคื™ื“ื™ื โ€” ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื โ€” ื•ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืคื™ื ืœื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™

ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื—.

ืืœืคื-GPC

ืืœืคื-GPC, ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ืฉืฉืžื” ื”ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ื•ื L-ืืœืคื-ื’ืœื™ืฆืจื™ืœ-ืคื•ืกืคื•ืจื™ืœ-ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืคื•ืกืคื•ืœื™ืคื™ื“ ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ. ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืฆื˜ื™ืœ-ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ื—ื•ืžืจ ืื™ืชื•ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ ืœื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื—. ื‘ืžื•ื— ืืฆื˜ื™ืœ-ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ื’ื™ืจื•ื™, ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื”.1 

ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื’ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ (PC) ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืงืจื•ืžื™ ืชืื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืžื•ื— ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืœืคื-GPC. ื–ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืœืžืช ืื• ืื—ืกื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื— ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืืœืคื-GPC.

ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœืคื-GPC ืœืžื•ื—

ืœืคื™ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ืืœืคื-GPC ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื”, ืœื”ืื˜ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื‘ืฅ.

ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืื—ื“ 32 ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื ื˜ืœื• ืืœืคื-GPC ืื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื” ื™ืžื™ื. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”-11 ื”ื–ืจื™ืงื• ืœื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืกืงื•ืคื•ืœืืžื™ืŸ โ€” ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ื“ืฉ โ€” ืื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื•. ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉื ื˜ืœื• ืืœืคื-GPC ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืงืฉื‘ ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืคืœืฆื‘ื•.2

ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืืงืจืื™ ื•ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืืœืคื-GPC ืขืœ 126 ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœืฉื™ื˜ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื’ ืžื—ืœืช ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ. ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืœืคื-GPC ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื•.3 

ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช 2044 ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื ืชื ื• ืืœืคื-GPC ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ืฅ ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืข ืื™ืกื›ืžื™ ื—ื•ืœืฃ (ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช "ืžื™ื ื™-ืฉื‘ืฅ"). ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืœืคื-GPC ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ 71% ืžื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืชืื™ืžื• ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” "ืœืœื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช" ืื• "ืœืœื ืฉื›ื—ื ื•ืช."4 

ื”ืื ืืœืคื-GPC ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ?

ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืœืคื-GPC ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื ืกื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื›ืชื•ืกืฃ. ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืงืœื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช, ืฆืจื‘ืช, ื‘ื—ื™ืœื”, ืฉืœืฉื•ืœ, ื›ืื‘ื™ ืจืืฉ, ืขืฆื‘ื ื•ืช, ื ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ื”, ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ, ืกื—ืจื—ื•ืจืช ื•ืคืจื™ื—ื” ืื• ืื“ืžื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจ. ื›ืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ.

ืœืคื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ืขื•ืงื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2021, ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื•ืกืฃ ืขื ืืœืคื-GPC ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื‘ืฅ. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื–ื” ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-12 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืœ 50 ื•ืžืขืœื”. ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื’ื™ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉื ื˜ืœื• ืืœืคื-GPC ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœืฉื‘ืฅ, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืœื” ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืกืฃ.5

ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ืœืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ืฉื ื˜ืœื• ืืœืคื-GPC ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืกื‘ืœื• ืžืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžืืœื” ืฉืœื ื ื˜ืœื• ืื•ืชื•. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื–ืืช, ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืกื‘ืœื• ืžืจืžื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื˜ืจืฉืช ืขื•ืจืงื™ื (ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื•ื›ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืจืงื™ื) ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื›ืš ืฉืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื‘ืฅ.

ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ

ื”ืžื•ื— ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ (ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช: PS) ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. PS ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืกืคื•ืœื™ืคื™ื“ ืœื• ื™ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื—, ื›ื•ืœืœ:

  • ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืงืจื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื—.
  • ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื—. ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช. 
  • ืชื•ืจื ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื™ื˜ื•ื›ื•ื ื“ืจื™ื” โ€” ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื—. 
  • ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ื–ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–, ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื, ืื ื–ื™ืžื™ื, ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฆืŸ ืืœ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื—.

ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื—

ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื, ื”ืงืจื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื ื–ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืคื•ืกืคื•ืœื™ืคื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื›ื•ืœืœ PS, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืจื“ืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20 ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•. ื”ืงืจื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืฉื•ืช, ื•ื—ืœื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ ื•ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–.6

ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ

ืœืคื™ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื, ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื ืงืฉืจืช ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืชืœื•ื™ืช ื’ื™ืœ.

ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืืงืจืื™ ื•ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืคืœืฆื‘ื• 120 ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 17-18 ืฉืชื• ื—ืœื‘ ืžื•ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ืื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš 40 ื™ื•ื. ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืฉืชื• ื—ืœื‘ ืžื•ืขืฉืจ ื‘-PS ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืคืœืฆื‘ื•.7

ืžื—ืงืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช 149 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ PS ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืชืœื•ื™ืช ื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ. ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš 12 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื•.8 

ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ

ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉ-PS ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื”ืงืœื” ืขืœ ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ. 

ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ืคื•ืœ-ืกืžื™ื•ืช ืื—ื“ 72 ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 60 ืขื“ 80 ืฉื ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื• PS ืื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื•. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช, ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• PS ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืคืœืฆื‘ื• ืœื ื ืจืฉื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—.9 

ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืงืœื™ื ื™ ืงื˜ืŸ ืขืฉืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืงืฉื™ืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš 15 ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ PS ื‘ืžืฉืš 30 ื™ื•ื. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืœืฆื‘ื• ื•ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ 30 ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช PS. ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืชืคืจื• ืœืื—ืจ ื ื˜ื™ืœืชโ€ŽPS.10

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงืฉื‘ ื•ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–

ืœืคื™ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื, ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ ื•ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–.

ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ืคื•ืœ-ืกืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืืงืจืื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช 36 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– (ADHD), ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• PS ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืคืจืขืช ื”ืงืฉื‘, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคืœืฆื‘ื•.11 

ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ืคื•ืœ-ืกืžื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ PS ืขืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ 18 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช PS ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืคืœืฆื‘ื•. ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืกืงื ื” ื›ื™ ืชื•ืกืฃ PS ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ ื•ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–.12

ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื—ืคืฉ?

ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘-PS ืฉื”ื•ืคืง ืžืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ PS ืžื‘ืงืจ ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืคื ื™ "ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืคืจื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช". ื›ื™ื•ื ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ื”ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ืฆืžื—ื™ ื•ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื” ืื• ืžื›ืจื•ื‘. ืืžื ื ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœ "ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืคืจื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช" ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื ื˜ื™ืœืช PS ืžื‘ืงืจ.

ื”ืื ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ืœ-ืกืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ?

ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ PS ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื›ืžื• ืืœืคื-GPC. ืื ื›ืŸ, PS ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืกื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ืœืคื™ ืžื“ืขื ื™ื, ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ PS ืฉืœ 300 ืขื“ 800 ืž"ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื ืกืคื’ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช.13

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ื ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื›ืžื• ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ื–ื™ื ืื• ืงื™ื‘ื” ืขืฆื‘ื ื™ืช. ืœืจื•ื‘ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืœืœื• ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ื.

PS ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื“ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ื“ื, ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืื ืืชื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืช ื“ืœืงืช ืื• ืžื“ืœืœื™ ื“ื ื›ืžื• ื•ื•ืจืคืจื™ืŸ. ื™ื™ืชื›ื ื• ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ PS ืœืื ื˜ื™-ื”ื™ืกื˜ืžื™ื ื™ื, ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืื•ืงื•ืžื” ืื• ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ. 

ื›ืžื• ืขื ื›ืœ ืชื›ืฉื™ืจ ื ื•ึนืื•ืื˜ืจื•ึนืคึผื™, ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืกืฃ PS ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ืฉืœื›ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ืืชื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืื• ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžื—ืœื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™.

ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช:

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  3. Parnetti L, Abate G, Bartorelli L, Cucinotta D, Cuzzupoli M, Maggioni M, Villardita C, Senin U. Multicentre study of l-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine vs ST200 among patients with probable senile dementia of Alzheimer's type. Drugs Aging. 1993 Mar-Apr;3(2):159-64.
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  12. Parker AG, Gordon J, Thornton A, Byars A, Lubker J, Bartlett M, Byrd M, Oliver J, Simbo S, Rasmussen C, Greenwood M, Kreider RB. The effects of IQPLUS Focus on cognitive function, mood and endocrine response before and following acute exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2011 Oct 21;8:16.
  13. Glade MJ, Smith K. Phosphatidylserine and the human brain. Nutrition. 2015 Jun;31(6):781-6.

โ€‹ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ:โ€‹ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ,,, โ€‹ื”ืฆื’ ืขื•ื“